Blood disorders : Certain blood disorders, including chronic myeloproliferative disorders such as polycythemia vera, idiopathic myelofibrosis and essential thrombocytopenia increase the chances of developing AML.
Family history : Most leukemias have no familial link. However, if you are a first-degree relative of a CLL patient, or if you have an identical twin who has or had AML or ALL, you may be at an increased risk for developing the disease. Congenital syndromes : Some congenital syndromes including Down syndrome, Fanconi anemia, Bloom syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia and Blackfan-Diamond syndrome seem to raise the risk of AML.
Smoking : Although smoking may not be a direct cause of leukemia, smoking cigarettes does increase the risk of developing AML. Radiation : Exposure to high-energy radiation e. Chemicals : Long-term exposure to certain pesticides or industrial chemicals like benzene is considered a risk for leukemia. Previous cancer therapy : Certain types of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for other cancers are considered leukemia risk factors. Make a difference in the fight against cancer by donating to cancer research.
Call us anytime. This page was updated on October 19, And many people with leukemia have none of these risk factors. Leukemia care at Mayo Clinic.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Leukemia is cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues, including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Parts of the immune system Open pop-up dialog box Close. Parts of the immune system The lymphatic system is part of the body's immune system, which protects against infection and disease.
Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Kliegman RM, et al. The leukemias. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Elsevier; Accessed Oct. Niederhuber JE, et al. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. Remission means that doctors see no cancer cells in the body.
Most kids are cured of the disease. This means that they're in permanent remission. Having a child being treated for cancer can feel overwhelming for any family. But you're not alone. To find support, talk to anyone on the care team or a hospital social worker. Many resources are available to help you and your child.
Reviewed by: Jonathan L. Powell, MD. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is Leukemia?
What Are the Types of Leukemia? Kids with anemia may: look pale feel very tired, weak, or short of breath while playing bruise very easily, get a lot of nosebleeds , or bleed for a long time after even a minor cut Other symptoms of leukemia can include: pain in the bones or joints, sometimes causing a limp swollen lymph nodes swollen glands in the neck, groin, or elsewhere poor appetite and weight loss fevers with no other symptoms belly pain Sometimes leukemia can spread, or metastasize.
What Causes Leukemia? Kids have a greater chance of developing leukemia if they have: an identical twin who had leukemia at a young age a non-identical twin or other siblings with leukemia had radiation therapy or chemotherapy for other types of cancer taken medicines to suppress their immune system after an organ transplant a genetic health problem, such as: Li-Fraumeni syndrome Down syndrome Klinefelter syndrome neurofibromatosis ataxia telangectasia Fanconi anemia Who Gets Leukemia?
The different types of leukemia affect different age groups: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL is most common in children 2 to 8 years old. Acute myelogenous leukemia AML can happen at any age, but most cases happen in kids younger than 2 and teens.
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